Title Page

Foreword

REfine: A Gamified Platform for Participatory Requirements Engineering
Remco Snijders, Fabiano Dalpiaz, Sjaak Brinkkemper, Mahmood Hosseini, Raian Ali, and Atilla Özüm
(Utrecht University, Netherlands; Bournemouth University, UK; KPMG, Netherlands)
The active involvement of stakeholders in Requirements Engineering (RE) is crucial, for the system under design should fulfill their expectations. In software products, which evolve under the control of Software Product Organizations (SPOs), stakeholders' involvement is limited to SPO representatives and key clients. Thus, key stakeholders are excluded, including current and prospective users. Two emerging trends can help to shift towards a more participatory RE: crowdsourcing eases the access to a large number of stakeholders, and gamification provides means to keep them motivated through feedback loops (that reward the useful participants). In this paper, we build on this potential and propose REfine, a gamified online platform for requirements elicitation and refinement by involving a crowd of stakeholders: users, developers, analysts, etc. We report encouraging results from a case study that show how REfine has led to useful requirements, stakeholders' engagement, and valuable interactions.

@InProceedings{CrowdRE15p1, author = {Remco Snijders and Fabiano Dalpiaz and Sjaak Brinkkemper and Mahmood Hosseini and Raian Ali and Atilla Özüm}, title = {REfine: A Gamified Platform for Participatory Requirements Engineering}, booktitle = {Proc.\ CrowdRE}, publisher = {IEEE}, pages = {1--6}, doi = {}, year = {2015}, }

Social Media through the Requirements Lens: A Case Study of Google Maps
Georgi M. Kanchev and Amit K. Chopra
(Lancaster University, UK)
Social media serves as an extensive repository of user interaction related to software applications. Users discuss application features and express their sentiments about them in both qualitative (usually in natural language) and quantitative ways (for example, via votes). Further, many social media applications support explicit social networks of users and measures such as user reputation. Naturally, content on social media has the potential to inform requirements engineering. However, models of requirements and associated tools that enable software engineers to make sense of this information are currently lacking. In this paper, we present a preliminary study of interaction among users about Google Maps on the forum Reddit. We highlight important artifacts relevant to requirements in these interactions. We discuss goal modeling as an archetypal requirements modeling approach and use that as a basis for enhancing requirements modeling with notions that capture user interaction.

@InProceedings{CrowdRE15p7, author = {Georgi M. Kanchev and Amit K. Chopra}, title = {Social Media through the Requirements Lens: A Case Study of Google Maps}, booktitle = {Proc.\ CrowdRE}, publisher = {IEEE}, pages = {7--12}, doi = {}, year = {2015}, }

Crowd Out the Competition: Gaining Market Advantage through Crowd-Based Requirements Engineering
Eduard C. Groen
(Fraunhofer IESE, Germany)
MyERP is a fictional developer of an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system. Driven by the competition, they face the challenge of losing market share if they fail to deploy a Software as a Service (SaaS) ERP system to the European market quickly, but with high quality product. This also means that the requirements engineering (RE) activities will have to be performed efficiently and provide solid results. An additional problem they face is that their (potential) stakeholders are physically distributed, it makes sense to consider them a “crowd”. This competition paper suggests a Crowd-based RE approach that first identifies the crowd, then collects and analyzes their feedback to derive wishes and needs, and validate the results through prototyping. For this, techniques are introduced that have so far been rarely employed within RE, but more “traditional” RE techniques, will also be integrated and/or adapted to attain the best possible result in the case of MyERP.

@InProceedings{CrowdRE15p13, author = {Eduard C. Groen}, title = {Crowd Out the Competition: Gaining Market Advantage through Crowd-Based Requirements Engineering}, booktitle = {Proc.\ CrowdRE}, publisher = {IEEE}, pages = {13--18}, doi = {}, year = {2015}, }

Using the Crowds to Satisfy Unbounded Requirements
Fabiano Dalpiaz, Michal Korenko, Rick Salay, and Marsha Chechik
(Utrecht University, Netherlands; University of Toronto, Canada)
The Internet is a social space that is shaped by humans through the development of websites, the release of web services, the collaborative creation of encyclopedias and forums, the exchange of information through social networks, the provision of work through crowdsourcing platforms, etc. This landscape offers novel possibilities for software systems to satisfy their requirements, e.g., by retrieving and aggregating the information from Internet websites as well as by crowdsourcing the execution of certain functions. In this paper, we present a special type of functional requirements (called unbounded) that is not fully satisfiable and whose satisfaction is increased by gathering evidence from multiple sources. In addition to characterizing unbounded requirements, we explain how to maximize their satisfaction by asking and by combining opinions of multiple sources: people, services, information, and algorithms. We provide evidence of the existence of these requirements through examples by studying a modern Web application (Spotify) and from a traditional system (Microsoft Word).

@InProceedings{CrowdRE15p19, author = {Fabiano Dalpiaz and Michal Korenko and Rick Salay and Marsha Chechik}, title = {Using the Crowds to Satisfy Unbounded Requirements}, booktitle = {Proc.\ CrowdRE}, publisher = {IEEE}, pages = {19--24}, doi = {}, year = {2015}, }

A Gradual Approach to Crowd-Based Requirements Engineering: The Case of Conference Online Social Networks
Meira Levy, Irit Hadar, and Dov Te'Eni
(Shenkar, Israel; University of Haifa, Israel; Tel Aviv University, Israel)
This paper proposes a gradual approach to crowd-based requirements engineering (RE) for supporting the establishment of a more engaged crowd, hence, mitigating the low involvement risk in crowd-based RE. Our approach advocates involving micro-crowds (MCs), where in each micro-crowd, the population is relatively cohesive and familiar with each other. Using this approach, the evolving product is developed iteratively. At each iteration, a new MC can join the already established crowd to enhance the requirements for the next version, while adding terminology to an evolving folksonomy. We are currently using this approach in an on-going research project to develop an online social network (OSN) for academic researchers that will facilitate discussions and knowledge sharing around conferences.

@InProceedings{CrowdRE15p25, author = {Meira Levy and Irit Hadar and Dov Te'Eni}, title = {A Gradual Approach to Crowd-Based Requirements Engineering: The Case of Conference Online Social Networks}, booktitle = {Proc.\ CrowdRE}, publisher = {IEEE}, pages = {25--30}, doi = {}, year = {2015}, }

Crowdsourcing to Elicit Requirements for MyERP Application
Pratyoush K. Srivastava and Richa Sharma
(MNNIT Allahabad, India; IIT Delhi, India)
Crowdsourcing is an emerging method to collect requirements for software systems. Applications seeking global acceptance need to meet the expectations of a wide range of users. Collecting re-quirements and arriving at consensus with a wide range of users is difficult using traditional method of requirements elicitation. This paper presents crowdsourcing based approach for German medium-size software company MyERP that might help the company to get access to requirements from non-German customers. We present the tasks involved in the proposed solution that would help the company meet the goal of eliciting requirements at a fast pace with non-German customers.

@InProceedings{CrowdRE15p31, author = {Pratyoush K. Srivastava and Richa Sharma}, title = {Crowdsourcing to Elicit Requirements for MyERP Application}, booktitle = {Proc.\ CrowdRE}, publisher = {IEEE}, pages = {31--35}, doi = {}, year = {2015}, }