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2015 ACM/IEEE 18th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS),
September 30 - October 2, 2015,
Ottawa, ON, Canada
MDE in Practice
Applying Product Line Use Case Modeling in an Industrial Automotive Embedded System: Lessons Learned and a Refined Approach
Ines Hajri, Arda Goknil,
Lionel C. Briand , and Thierry Stephany
(University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg; IEE, Luxembourg)
In this paper, we propose, apply, and assess Product line Use case modeling Method (PUM), an approach that supports modeling variability at different levels of granularity in use cases and domain models. Our motivation is that, in many software development environments, use case modeling drives interactions among stakeholders and, therefore, use cases and domain models are common practice for requirements elicitation and analysis. In PUM, we integrate and adapt existing product line extensions for use cases and introduce some template extensions for use case specifications. Variability is captured in use case diagrams while it is reflected at a greater level of detail in use case specifications. Variability in domain concepts is captured in domain models. PUM is supported by a tool relying on Natural Language Processing (NLP). We applied PUM to an industrial automotive embedded system and report lessons learned and results from structured interviews with experienced engineers.
@InProceedings{MODELS15p338,
author = {Ines Hajri and Arda Goknil and Lionel C. Briand and Thierry Stephany},
title = {Applying Product Line Use Case Modeling in an Industrial Automotive Embedded System: Lessons Learned and a Refined Approach},
booktitle = {Proc.\ MODELS},
publisher = {IEEE},
pages = {338--347},
doi = {},
year = {2015},
}
Systematic Generation of Standard Compliant Tool Support of Diagrammatic Modeling Languages
Alexis Fouché, Florian Noyrit, Sébastien Gérard, and Maged Elaasar
(CEA, France; Carleton University, Canada; Crossplatform Software, Canada)
In the Model-Driven Engineering community, the abstract syntax of modeling languages is usually defined and implemented using metamodeling techniques. However, it is not the case for the concrete syntax of graphical modeling languages. Indeed, this concern is mostly specified by informal means. This practice leaves considerable leeway in the implementation and raises several standards compliance issues. Hence, toolsmiths can only rely on their interpretation of the standard and lack of systematic way to build conforming tool support. In this context, a first normative specification of the concrete syntax of UML 2.5 has been recently released using Diagram Definition. In this paper, we propose an approach that uses those formal specifications to systematically generate modeling language tool support that guarantees compliance to standard notation. We assess the approach on a subset of the UML class diagram implemented within the open-source Papyrus tool.
@InProceedings{MODELS15p348,
author = {Alexis Fouché and Florian Noyrit and Sébastien Gérard and Maged Elaasar},
title = {Systematic Generation of Standard Compliant Tool Support of Diagrammatic Modeling Languages},
booktitle = {Proc.\ MODELS},
publisher = {IEEE},
pages = {348--357},
doi = {},
year = {2015},
}
Improving Reuse by means of Asymmetrical Model Migrations: An Application to the Orcc Case Study
Paola Vallejo, Mickaël Kerboeuf, Kevin J. M. Martin, and Jean-Philippe Babau
(University Bretagne-Occidentale, France; CNRS, France; University Bretagne-Sud, France)
The legacy code of a tool handling domain specific data gathers valuable expertise. However in many cases, it must be rewritten to make it apply to structurally incompatible data. We investigate a co-evolution approach to avoid this update by making the call context meet the a legacy tool definition domain. The data conforming to the call context co-evolve into data conforming to the definition domain. Once processed by the tool, they can be put back into their original context thanks to a specific reverse transformation which enables the recovery of elements that had been initially removed. This approach is applied to Orcc, a compiler for dataflow applications. Orcc requires many common functions that are expected to be adapted to its own context. Our approach is an effective way to reuse them instead of rewriting them.
@InProceedings{MODELS15p358,
author = {Paola Vallejo and Mickaël Kerboeuf and Kevin J. M. Martin and Jean-Philippe Babau},
title = {Improving Reuse by means of Asymmetrical Model Migrations: An Application to the Orcc Case Study},
booktitle = {Proc.\ MODELS},
publisher = {IEEE},
pages = {358--367},
doi = {},
year = {2015},
}
Toward Overcoming Accidental Complexity in Organisational Decision-Making
Vinay Kulkarni, Souvik Barat, Tony Clark, and Balbir Barn
(Tata Consultancy Services, India; Middlesex University, UK)
This paper takes a practitioner’s perspective on the problem of organisational decision making. Industry practice follows a refinement based iterative method for organizational decision-making. However, existing enterprise modelling tools are not complete with respect to the needs of organizational decision making. As a result, today, decision maker is forced to use a chain of paradigmatically diverse and non-interoperable tools with nothing more sophisticated than a documented method holding the tools together. This paper argues the case for a model based approach and proposes bridge meta-models as a solution for better integrated use of these tools. Validation of the proposed solution using a case study is presented
@InProceedings{MODELS15p368,
author = {Vinay Kulkarni and Souvik Barat and Tony Clark and Balbir Barn},
title = {Toward Overcoming Accidental Complexity in Organisational Decision-Making},
booktitle = {Proc.\ MODELS},
publisher = {IEEE},
pages = {368--377},
doi = {},
year = {2015},
}
Modeling User Intentions for In-Car Infotainment Systems using Bayesian Networks
Daniel Lüddecke, Christoph Seidl, Jens Schneider, and Ina Schaefer
(Volkswagen, Germany; TU Braunschweig, Germany)
To support users in operating a computer system with a varying set of functions, it is fundamental to understand their intentions, e.g., within an in-car infotainment system. Although the development of current in-car infotainment systems is already model-based, explicitly gathering and modeling user intentions is currently not supported. However, manually creating software that predicts user intentions is complex, error-prone and expensive. Model-based development can help in overcoming these issues. In this paper, we present an approach for modeling a user's intention based on Bayesian networks. We support developers of in-car infotainment systems by providing means to model possible intentions of users according to the current situation. We further allow modeling of user preferences and show how the modeled intentions may change during run-time as a result of the user's behavior. We demonstrate feasibility of our approach using an industrial example of an intention-aware in-car infotainment system.
@InProceedings{MODELS15p378,
author = {Daniel Lüddecke and Christoph Seidl and Jens Schneider and Ina Schaefer},
title = {Modeling User Intentions for In-Car Infotainment Systems using Bayesian Networks},
booktitle = {Proc.\ MODELS},
publisher = {IEEE},
pages = {378--385},
doi = {},
year = {2015},
}
Feature Modeling of Two Large-Scale Industrial Software Systems: Experiences and Lessons Learned
Daniela Lettner, Klaus Eder,
Paul Grünbacher, and Herbert Prähofer
(JKU Linz, Austria; KEBA, Austria)
Feature models are frequently used to capture the knowledge about configurable software systems and product lines. However, feature modeling of large-scale systems is challenging as many models are needed for diverse purposes. For instance, feature models can be used to reflect the perspectives of product management, technical solution architecture, or product configuration. Furthermore, models are required at different levels of granularity. Although numerous approaches and tools are available, it remains hard to define the purpose, scope, and granularity of feature models. In this paper we thus present experiences of developing feature models for two large-scale industrial automation software systems. Specifically, we extended an existing feature modeling tool to support models for different purposes and at multiple levels. We report results on the characteristics and modularity of the feature models, including metrics about model dependencies. We further discuss lessons learned during the modeling process.
@InProceedings{MODELS15p386,
author = {Daniela Lettner and Klaus Eder and Paul Grünbacher and Herbert Prähofer},
title = {Feature Modeling of Two Large-Scale Industrial Software Systems: Experiences and Lessons Learned},
booktitle = {Proc.\ MODELS},
publisher = {IEEE},
pages = {386--395},
doi = {},
year = {2015},
}
Formalizing the ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119 Software Testing Standard
Shaukat Ali and Tao Yue
(Simula Research Laboratory, Norway; University of Oslo, Norway)
Model-based testing (MBT) provides a systematic and automated way to facilitate rigorous testing of software systems. MBT has been an intense area of research and a large number of MBT techniques have been developed in the literature and in the practice. However, all of the techniques have been developed using their own concepts and terminology of MBT, which are very often different than other techniques and at times have conflicting semantics. Moreover, while working on MBT projects with our industrial partners in the last several years, we were unable to find a unified way of defining MBT techniques based on standard terminology. To precisely define MBT concepts with the aim of providing common understanding of MBT terminology across techniques, we formalize a small subset of the recently released ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119 Software Testing Standard as a conceptual model (UML class diagrams) together with OCL constraints. The conceptual model captures all the necessary concepts based on the standard terminology that are mandatory or optional in the context of MBT techniques and can be used to define new MBT tools and techniques. To validate the conceptual model, we instantiated its concepts for various MBT techniques previously developed in the context of our industrial partners. Such instantiation automatically enforces the specified OCL constraints. This type of validation provided us feedback to further refine the conceptual model. Finally, we also provide our experiences and lessons learnt for such formalization and validation.
@InProceedings{MODELS15p396,
author = {Shaukat Ali and Tao Yue},
title = {Formalizing the ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119 Software Testing Standard},
booktitle = {Proc.\ MODELS},
publisher = {IEEE},
pages = {396--405},
doi = {},
year = {2015},
}
A Megamodel for Software Process Line Modeling and Evolution
Jocelyn Simmonds, Daniel Perovich, María Cecilia Bastarrica, and Luis Silvestre
(University of Chile, Chile)
Companies formalize software processes as a way of organizing development projects. Since there are differences in project contexts, a one-size-fits-all approach does not work well in practice. Some companies use a family of a predefined processes, but this approach has a high process maintenance cost. Instead, we define Software Process Lines (SPrL), where a general process with variability is tailored to project contexts. Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) provides a formal framework for defining the models and transformations required for automated SPrL tailoring. However, this approach requires the definition and co-evolution of various types of models and tool support beyond the skills of process engineers, making the industrial adoption challenging. This paper shares our experience using a megamodeling approach to the development of the back-end of our toolset. The megamodel provides a uniform mechanism for process definition, variability, tailoring and evolution, and we hide the MDE complexity through a user-friendly front-end. We report the application of our approach at Mobius, a small Chilean software enterprise.
@InProceedings{MODELS15p406,
author = {Jocelyn Simmonds and Daniel Perovich and María Cecilia Bastarrica and Luis Silvestre},
title = {A Megamodel for Software Process Line Modeling and Evolution},
booktitle = {Proc.\ MODELS},
publisher = {IEEE},
pages = {406--415},
doi = {},
year = {2015},
}
Modular Model-Based Supervisory Controller Design for Wafer Logistics in Lithography Machines
Bram van der Sanden, Michel Reniers, Marc Geilen, Twan Basten, Johan Jacobs, Jeroen Voeten, and Ramon Schiffelers
(Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands; TNO Embedded Systems Innovation, Netherlands; ASML, Netherlands)
Development of high-level supervisory controllers is an important challenge in the design of high-tech systems. It has become a significant issue due to increased complexity, combined with demands for verified quality, time to market, ease of development, and integration of new functionality. To deal with these challenges, model-based engineering approaches are suggested as a cost-effective way to support easy adaptation, validation, synthesis, and verification of controllers. This paper presents an industrial case study on modular design of a supervisory controller for wafer logistics in lithography machines. The uncontrolled system and control requirements are modeled independently in a modular way, using small, loosely coupled and minimally restrictive extended finite automata. The multiparty synchronization mechanism that is part of the specification formalism provides clear advantages in terms of modularity, traceability, and adaptability of the model. We show that being able to refer to variables and states of automata in guard expressions and state-based requirements, enabled by the use of extended finite automata, provides concise models. Additionally, we show how modular synthesis allows construction of local supervisors that ensure safety of parts of the system, since monolithic synthesis is not feasible for our industrial case.
@InProceedings{MODELS15p416,
author = {Bram van der Sanden and Michel Reniers and Marc Geilen and Twan Basten and Johan Jacobs and Jeroen Voeten and Ramon Schiffelers},
title = {Modular Model-Based Supervisory Controller Design for Wafer Logistics in Lithography Machines},
booktitle = {Proc.\ MODELS},
publisher = {IEEE},
pages = {416--425},
doi = {},
year = {2015},
}
Info
An Automated Model Based Testing Approach for Platform Games
Sidra Iftikhar, Muhammad Zohaib Iqbal, Muhammad Uzair Khan, and Wardah Mahmood
(National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Pakistan; University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg)
Game development has recently gained a lot of momentum and is now a major software development industry. Platform games are being revived with both their 2D and 3D versions being developed. A major challenge faced by the industry is a lack of automated system-level approaches for game testing. Currently in most game development organizations, games are tested manually or using semi-automated techniques. Such testing techniques do not scale to the industry requirements where more systematic and repeatable approaches are required. In this paper we propose a model-based testing approach for automated black box functional testing of platform games. The paper provides a detailed modeling methodology to support automated system-level game testing. As part of the methodology, we provide guidelines for modeling the platform games for testing using our proposed game test modeling profile. We use domain modeling for representing the game structure and UML state machines for behavioral modeling. We present the details related to automated test case generation, execution, and oracle generation. We demonstrate our model-based testing approach by applying it on two cases studies, a widely referenced and open source implementation of Mario brothers game and an industrial case study of an endless runner game. The proposed approach was able to identify major faults in the open source game implementation. Our results showed that the proposed approach is practical and can be applied successfully on industrial games.
@InProceedings{MODELS15p426,
author = {Sidra Iftikhar and Muhammad Zohaib Iqbal and Muhammad Uzair Khan and Wardah Mahmood},
title = {An Automated Model Based Testing Approach for Platform Games},
booktitle = {Proc.\ MODELS},
publisher = {IEEE},
pages = {426--435},
doi = {},
year = {2015},
}
Model-Driven Regulatory Compliance: A Case Study of "Know Your Customer" Regulations
Sagar Sunkle, Deepali Kholkar, and Vinay Kulkarni
(Tata Consultancy Services, India)
Modern enterprises face an unprecedented regulatory regime. Industry governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) solutions are document-oriented and expert-driven. Formal compliance checking techniques in contrast attempt to provide ways for rigorous modeling and analysis of regulatory compliance but miss out on holistic GRC perspective due to missing integration between diverse set of (semi-) formal models. We show that streamlining regulatory compliance using multiple purposive models of various aspects of regulations, it is possible to leverage both the rigor of formal techniques and the holistic enterprise GRC perspective. Our contributions are twofold. First, we present a model-driven architecture based on a conceptual model of integrated GRC that is capable of addressing key challenges of regulatory compliance. Second, using Know Your Customer regulations in Indian context as a case study, we demonstrate the utility of this architecture. Initial results with KYC regulations are promising and point to further work in model-driven regulatory compliance.
@InProceedings{MODELS15p436,
author = {Sagar Sunkle and Deepali Kholkar and Vinay Kulkarni},
title = {Model-Driven Regulatory Compliance: A Case Study of "Know Your Customer" Regulations},
booktitle = {Proc.\ MODELS},
publisher = {IEEE},
pages = {436--445},
doi = {},
year = {2015},
}
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